Add a drawer to a screen

In apps that use Material Design, there are two primary options for navigation: tabs and drawers. When there is insufficient space to support tabs, drawers provide a handy alternative.

In Flutter, use the Drawer widget in combination with a Scaffold to create a layout with a Material Design drawer. This recipe uses the following steps:

1. Create a Scaffold.
2. Add a drawer.
3. Populate the drawer with items.
4. Close the drawer programmatically.

To add a drawer to the app, wrap it in a Scaffold widget. The Scaffold widget provides a consistent visual structure to apps that follow the Material Design Guidelines. It also supports special Material Design components, such as Drawers, AppBars, and SnackBars.

In this example, create a Scaffold with a drawer:

Scaffold(
  appBar: AppBar(
    title: const Text('AppBar without hamburger button'),
  ),
  drawer: // Add a Drawer here in the next step.
);

Now add a drawer to the Scaffold. A drawer can be any widget, but it's often best to use the Drawer widget from the material library, which adheres to the Material Design spec.

Scaffold(
  appBar: AppBar(
    title: const Text('AppBar with hamburger button'),
  ),
  drawer: Drawer(
    child: // Populate the Drawer in the next step.
  ),
);

Now that you have a Drawer in place, add content to it. For this example, use a ListView. While you could use a Column widget, ListView is handy because it allows users to scroll through the drawer if the content takes more space than the screen supports.

Populate the ListView with a DrawerHeader and two ListTile widgets. For more information on working with Lists, see the list recipes.

Drawer(
  // Add a ListView to the drawer. This ensures the user can scroll
  // through the options in the drawer if there isn't enough vertical
  // space to fit everything.
  child: ListView(
    // Important: Remove any padding from the ListView.
    padding: EdgeInsets.zero,
    children: [
      const DrawerHeader(
        decoration: BoxDecoration(
          color: Colors.blue,
        ),
        child: Text('Drawer Header'),
      ),
      ListTile(
        title: const Text('Item 1'),
        onTap: () {
          // Update the state of the app.
          // ...
        },
      ),
      ListTile(
        title: const Text('Item 2'),
        onTap: () {
          // Update the state of the app.
          // ...
        },
      ),
    ],
  ),
);

After a user taps an item, you might want to close the drawer. You can do this by using the Navigator.

When a user opens the drawer, Flutter adds the drawer to the navigation stack. Therefore, to close the drawer, call Navigator.pop(context).

ListTile(
  title: const Text('Item 1'),
  onTap: () {
    // Update the state of the app
    // ...
    // Then close the drawer
    Navigator.pop(context);
  },
),

This example shows a Drawer as it is used within a Scaffold widget. The Drawer has three ListTile items. The _onItemTapped function changes the selected item's index and displays the corresponding text in the center of the Scaffold.

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() => runApp(const MyApp());

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  const MyApp({super.key});

  static const appTitle = 'Drawer Demo';

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return const MaterialApp(
      title: appTitle,
      home: MyHomePage(title: appTitle),
    );
  }
}

class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {
  const MyHomePage({super.key, required this.title});

  final String title;

  @override
  State<MyHomePage> createState() => _MyHomePageState();
}

class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {
  int _selectedIndex = 0;
  static const TextStyle optionStyle =
      TextStyle(fontSize: 30, fontWeight: FontWeight.bold);
  static const List<Widget> _widgetOptions = <Widget>[
    Text(
      'Index 0: Home',
      style: optionStyle,
    ),
    Text(
      'Index 1: Business',
      style: optionStyle,
    ),
    Text(
      'Index 2: School',
      style: optionStyle,
    ),
  ];

  void _onItemTapped(int index) {
    setState(() {
      _selectedIndex = index;
    });
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(title: Text(widget.title)),
      body: Center(
        child: _widgetOptions[_selectedIndex],
      ),
      drawer: Drawer(
        // Add a ListView to the drawer. This ensures the user can scroll
        // through the options in the drawer if there isn't enough vertical
        // space to fit everything.
        child: ListView(
          // Important: Remove any padding from the ListView.
          padding: EdgeInsets.zero,
          children: [
            const DrawerHeader(
              decoration: BoxDecoration(
                color: Colors.blue,
              ),
              child: Text('Drawer Header'),
            ),
            ListTile(
              title: const Text('Home'),
              selected: _selectedIndex == 0,
              onTap: () {
                // Update the state of the app
                _onItemTapped(0);
                // Then close the drawer
                Navigator.pop(context);
              },
            ),
            ListTile(
              title: const Text('Business'),
              selected: _selectedIndex == 1,
              onTap: () {
                // Update the state of the app
                _onItemTapped(1);
                // Then close the drawer
                Navigator.pop(context);
              },
            ),
            ListTile(
              title: const Text('School'),
              selected: _selectedIndex == 2,
              onTap: () {
                // Update the state of the app
                _onItemTapped(2);
                // Then close the drawer
                Navigator.pop(context);
              },
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}